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Brusel navrhuje zelené väzenie
[10. 2. 2007] Európska komisia chce rovnako tvrdé tresty za cezhraničné zelené zločiny v štátoch únie.
Po splodinách z výfukov áut Európska komisia zaostrila pozornosť na ničenie prírody a chce, aby sa vážne ekologické prečiny trestali všade v únii nielen pokutami, ale aj väzením. Návrh eurozákona predstavili včera a vzbudí zrejme kontroverzné reakcie. Brusel totiž zasahuje do výsostných vôd národných štátov - do trestného práva. Komisia to zdôvodňuje tým, že medzi krajinami existujú v prístupe k znečisťovateľom životného prostredia veľké rozdiely a tí to využívajú. V krajinách Beneluxu je nelegálna skládka nebezpečného odpadu považovaná za trestný čin, v Taliansku, Španielsku či Grécku je to len priestupok na pokutu. Výrazne sa líši aj výška pokút. Dvojica Dimas - Frattini, komisári pre životné prostredie a vnútro, vybrala deväť ekoprečinov, na ktoré sa má zákon únie vzťahovať. Okrem ilegálneho vývozu odpadu ide o znečistenie vody, vzduchu, pôdy, zabíjania či obchodovania s ohrozenými druhmi zvierat, alebo ničenie chránených rastlín. Pokuty by mali byť najmenej 750-tisíc eur a navrhnuté sú aj tresty väzenia: aspoň päť rokov. Príkladom, na čo by sa trest vzťahoval, je nedávny škandál okolo vývozu toxického odpadu z Európy na Pobrežie Slonoviny. Komisia nemá právomoc zasahovať do trestného práva štátov, ale svoj krok opiera o verdikt Európskeho súdneho dvora z roku 2005. Ten povedal, že Brusel môže použiť aj trestnoprávny nástroj, pokiaľ to bude nutné na dosiahnutie lepšej vymožiteľnosti úniového práva. „Je nemožné dosiahnuť nápravu, keď máte katastrofu zasahujúcu do niekoľkých krajín a vzájomne nezlučiteľné národné zákony,“ povedal Stavros Dimas. Prvé skeptické komentáre k zákonu prišli z Británie, Dánska a Česka, ktoré sa podľa komisie systémom trestania zelených zločinov najviac blížia navrhovanej smernici. „Niektoré ekologické priestupky majú nadnárodnú povahu, takže zámeru komisie rozumiem. Som však proti obmedzovaniu kompetencií členských štátov, kam trestné právo patrí,“ odmieta návrh europoslanec za ODS Miroslav Ouzký, šéf výboru pre životné prostredie v europarlamente. 10. 2. 2007 | Kateřina Šafaříková, Brusel Zdroj: SME
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